THE DEVELOPMENT OF TWO-YEAR COLLEGES IN OHIO: THE TENSION BETWEEN STATE AND LOCAL AREA INTERESTS
Titel:
THE DEVELOPMENT OF TWO-YEAR COLLEGES IN OHIO: THE TENSION BETWEEN STATE AND LOCAL AREA INTERESTS
Auteur:
Katsinas, Stephen G.
Verschenen in:
Community college journal of research and practice
Paginering:
Jaargang 23 (1999) nr. 1 pagina's 79-105
Jaar:
1999-01
Inhoud:
Public two - year colleges in the United States were founded historically from the bottom up or from the top down. The former were two - year extensions of high schools maintained in public school districts or in separate districts consisting of multiple contiguous public school districts. In 1928, Ohio Attorney General Edward C. Turner, apparently unaware that over 200 public junior colleges had already been established in a number of Midwest states and California, responded to a request about the legality of a junior college as part of a public school district in Ohio. He said in part, ''The term 'junior college' has no special significance so far as our statutory law is concerned; nor is it in current use as a designation of any particular class of schools'' (Turner, 1928, p. 1014). This opinion ended the possibility of local bottom - up development of two - year colleges supported by common school districts. Bills allowing for the establishment of public two - year colleges failed to pass the Ohio General Assembly in 1929, 1931, 1949, 1951, and 1953. Conversely, by 1954, 26 states had already passed legislation enabling establishment of public junior colleges. Ohio's history of failed legislation during the first six decades of the 1900s gave the state a relatively late start in establishing public two - year colleges. This article identifies some of the key events that influenced the development of community colleges in Ohio. By including distinct time periods, synopsizing the historical and contemporary issues facing community colleges in the state, and identifying key individuals involved in the establishment of community colleges the reader should better understand the community college landscape in Ohio.
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