nr |
titel |
auteur |
tijdschrift |
jaar |
jaarg. |
afl. |
pagina('s) |
type |
1 |
A critical review on recent advancements of the removal of reactive dyes from dyehouse effluent by ion-exchange adsorbents
|
Hassan, Mohammad M. |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 201-219 |
artikel |
2 |
Acute and (sub)chronic toxicity of the neonicotinoid imidacloprid on Chironomus riparius
|
Njattuvetty Chandran, Naveen |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 568-577 |
artikel |
3 |
Adult dragonflies are indicators of environmental metallic elements
|
Lesch, Velesia |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 654-665 |
artikel |
4 |
Air pollution associated with non-suicidal self-injury in Chinese adolescent students: A cross-sectional study
|
Liu, Weina |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 944-949 |
artikel |
5 |
AlCl3 inhibits LPS-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β production through suppressing NF-κB signaling pathway in murine peritoneal macrophages
|
Xu, Feibo |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 972-980 |
artikel |
6 |
A methyltransferase gene from arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi involved in arsenic methylation and volatilization
|
Li, Jinglong |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 392-400 |
artikel |
7 |
A model assessment of the role played by the carbonate (CO3 −) and dibromide (Br2 −) radicals in the photodegradation of glutathione in sunlit fresh- and salt-waters
|
Vione, Davide |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 401-410 |
artikel |
8 |
Analysis of gold and silver nanoparticles internalized by zebrafish (Danio rerio) using single particle-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry
|
Sung, Hwa Kyung |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 815-822 |
artikel |
9 |
Analysis of pesticides in surface water, stemflow, and throughfall in an agricultural area in South Georgia, USA
|
Glinski, Donna A. |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 496-507 |
artikel |
10 |
Anodic potentials, electricity generation and bacterial community as affected by plant roots in sediment microbial fuel cell: Effects of anode locations
|
Liu, Boyue |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 739-747 |
artikel |
11 |
A novel active-passive sampling approach for measuring time-averaged concentrations of pollutants in water
|
Amato, Elvio D. |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 363-372 |
artikel |
12 |
A novel flake-ball-like magnetic Fe3O4/γ-MnO2 meso-porous nano-composite: Adsorption of fluorinion and effect of water chemistry
|
Zhao, Zhiwei |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 173-181 |
artikel |
13 |
Antidepressants in a changing ocean: Venlafaxine uptake and elimination in juvenile fish (Argyrosomus regius) exposed to warming and acidification conditions
|
Maulvault, Ana Luísa |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 286-297 |
artikel |
14 |
Application of field-portable-XRF for the determination of trace elements in deciduous leaves from a mine-impacted region
|
Turner, Andrew |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 928-934 |
artikel |
15 |
Application of zinc-aluminium layered double hydroxides for adsorptive removal of phosphate and sulfate: Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic
|
Iftekhar, Sidra |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 470-479 |
artikel |
16 |
A recyclable adsorbent for salinized groundwater: Dual-adsorbent desalination and potassium-exchanged zeolite production
|
Gibb, Nick P. |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 721-729 |
artikel |
17 |
Assessment of cytotoxicity of choline chloride-based natural deep eutectic solvents against human HEK-293 cells: A QSAR analysis
|
Ahmadi, Raheleh |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 831-838 |
artikel |
18 |
Association of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in two fat compartments with increased risk of insulin resistance in obese individuals
|
Helaleh, Murad |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 268-276 |
artikel |
19 |
Attenuation of pharmaceuticals, nutrients and toxicity in a rural sewage lagoon system integrated with a subsurface filtration technology
|
Chaves-Barquero, Luis G. |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 767-775 |
artikel |
20 |
Bare and nonionic surfactant-functionalized praseodymium oxide nanoparticles: Toxicological studies
|
Sharma, Priyanka |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 1007-1020 |
artikel |
21 |
Bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of 137Cs in marine and freshwater plankton
|
Thomas, Derin M. |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 599-607 |
artikel |
22 |
Bisphenol A and its analogs bisphenol B, bisphenol F, and bisphenol S: Comparative in vitro and in vivo studies on the sperms and testicular tissues of rats
|
Ullah, Asad |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 508-516 |
artikel |
23 |
Can CabECO® technology be used for the disinfection of highly faecal-polluted surface water?
|
Isidro, Julia |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 346-352 |
artikel |
24 |
Catalytic wet air oxidation of Reactive Black 5 in the presence of LaNiO3 perovskite catalyst as a green process for azo dye removal
|
Palas, Burcu |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 823-830 |
artikel |
25 |
Changes in thyroid status of Menidia beryllina exposed to the antifouling booster irgarol: Impacts of temperature and salinity
|
Moreira, Lucas Buruaem |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 857-865 |
artikel |
26 |
Characterization and evaluation of sorption potential of the iron mine waste after Samarco dam disaster in Doce River basin – Brazil
|
Almeida, Cristiane Aparecida |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 411-420 |
artikel |
27 |
Clastogenecity evaluation of water of Lake Sevan (Armenia) using Tradescantia micronucleus assay
|
Aghajanyan, E.A. |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 1-6 |
artikel |
28 |
Combined effects of antifouling biocides on the growth of three marine microalgal species
|
Dupraz, Valentin |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 801-814 |
artikel |
29 |
Combined effects of ZnO NPs and Cd on sweet sorghum as influenced by an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus
|
Wang, Fayuan |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 421-429 |
artikel |
30 |
Comparative metagenomics reveals different hydrocarbon degradative abilities from enriched oil-drilling waste
|
Napp, Amanda P. |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 7-16 |
artikel |
31 |
Comparing two start up strategies and the effect of temperature fluctuations on the performance of mainstream anammox reactors
|
Wang, Guopeng |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 632-639 |
artikel |
32 |
Composition and risk assessment of roasted pyrite ash from fertiliser production
|
Gabarrón, M. |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 277-285 |
artikel |
33 |
Corrigendum to “Simultaneous suppression of acid mine drainage formation and arsenic release by Carrier-microencapsulation using aluminum-catecholate complexes” [Chemosphere 205C (2018) 414–425]
|
Park, Ilhwan |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 1021 |
artikel |
34 |
Degradation characteristics of two typical N-heterocycles in ozone process: Efficacy, kinetics, pathways, toxicity and its application to real biologically pretreated coal gasification wastewater
|
Zhu, Hao |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 319-327 |
artikel |
35 |
Degradation of methadone by the sunlight/FC process: Kinetics, radical species participation and influence of the water matrix
|
Hsieh, Ming-Chi |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 104-112 |
artikel |
36 |
Degradation of sulfonamide antibiotics and their intermediates toxicity in an aeration-assisted non-thermal plasma while treating strong wastewater
|
Lee, Donggwan |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 901-907 |
artikel |
37 |
De novo transcriptome assembly and differential gene expression analysis of the calanoid copepod Acartia tonsa exposed to nickel nanoparticles
|
Zhou, Chao |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 163-172 |
artikel |
38 |
Di (2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DEHP)-induced kidney injury in quail (Coturnix japonica) via inhibiting HSF1/HSF3-dependent heat shock response
|
Li, Peng-Cheng |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 981-988 |
artikel |
39 |
Different dissolved organic matter (DOM) characteristics lead to diverse atrazine adsorption traits on the non-rhizosphere and rhizosphere soil of Pennisetum americanum (L.) K. Schum
|
Cao, Bo |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 608-616 |
artikel |
40 |
Dissolution of realgar by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans in the presence and absence of zerovalent iron: Implications for remediation of iron-deficient realgar tailings
|
Fan, Lijun |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 381-391 |
artikel |
41 |
Diurnal concentrations, sources, and cancer risk assessments of PM2.5-bound PAHs, NPAHs, and OPAHs in urban, marine and mountain environments
|
Zhang, Junmei |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 147-155 |
artikel |
42 |
Doping Ag/AgCl in zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) to enhance the performance of photodegradation of methylene blue
|
Fan, Gongduan |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 44-52 |
artikel |
43 |
Editorial Board
|
|
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. ii |
artikel |
44 |
Effect of mixed chelators of EDTA, GLDA, and citric acid on bioavailability of residual heavy metals in soils and soil properties
|
Guo, Xiaofang |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 776-782 |
artikel |
45 |
Effect of surfactant application practices on the vertical transport potential of hydrophobic pesticides in agrosystems
|
Dollinger, Jeanne |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 78-87 |
artikel |
46 |
Effects of bisphenol A in soil on growth, photosynthesis activity, and genistein levels in crop plants (Vigna radiata)
|
Kim, Dokyung |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 875-882 |
artikel |
47 |
Effects of carrier on the transport and DDT removal performance of nano-zerovalent iron in packed sands
|
Shi, Lanxiang |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 489-495 |
artikel |
48 |
Effects of salinity build-up on the performance and microbial community of partial-denitrification granular sludge with high nitrite accumulation
|
Ji, Jiantao |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 53-60 |
artikel |
49 |
Effects of waterborne nitrite on hematological parameters and stress indicators in olive flounders, Paralichthys olivaceus, raised in bio-floc and seawater
|
Kim, Jun-Hwan |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 28-34 |
artikel |
50 |
Effects of wire-type and mesh-type anode current collectors on performance and electrochemistry of microbial fuel cells
|
Jung, Sokhee P. |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 542-550 |
artikel |
51 |
Electrochemical advanced oxidation processes for the abatement of persistent organic pollutants
|
Oturan, Mehmet A. |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 17-19 |
artikel |
52 |
Electrochemical oxidation of 4-chlorophenol for wastewater treatment using highly active UV treated TiO2 nanotubes
|
Tian, Min |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 182-190 |
artikel |
53 |
Emerging contaminants in Brazilian rivers: Occurrence and effects on gene expression in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos
|
Sposito, Juliana C.V. |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 696-704 |
artikel |
54 |
Energy-efficient ultrasonic release of bacteria and particulates to facilitate ingestion by phagotrophic algae for waste sludge treatment and algal biomass and lipid production
|
Xiao, Suo |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 588-598 |
artikel |
55 |
Enhanced degradation of ibuprofen by heterogeneous electro-Fenton at circumneutral pH
|
Liu, Dun |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 998-1006 |
artikel |
56 |
Evaluating the environmental parameters that determine aerobic biodegradation half-lives of pesticides in soil with a multivariable approach
|
Wang, Yuxin |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 430-438 |
artikel |
57 |
Exploration of ToxCast/Tox21 bioassays as candidate bioanalytical tools for measuring groups of chemicals in water
|
Louisse, Jochem |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 373-380 |
artikel |
58 |
Exploring the relationship between molecular structure of dyes and light sources for photodegradation and electricity generation in photocatalytic fuel cell
|
Lee, Sin-Li |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 935-943 |
artikel |
59 |
Ferrocene functionalized graphene based electrode for the electro−Fenton oxidation of ciprofloxacin
|
Divyapriya, Govindaraj |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 113-123 |
artikel |
60 |
Heavy metal concentrations and chemical fractions in sediment from Swan Lagoon, China: Their relation to the physiochemical properties of sediment
|
Hu, Chengye |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 848-856 |
artikel |
61 |
Heterogeneous kinetics of methoxyphenols in the OH-initiated reactions under different experimental conditions
|
Liu, Changgeng |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 560-567 |
artikel |
62 |
Highly efficient extraction of lead ions from smelting wastewater, slag and contaminated soil by two-dimensional montmorillonite-based surface ion imprinted polymer absorbent
|
Zhu, Chao |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 246-257 |
artikel |
63 |
Impact of interaction between Limnoperna fortunei and Roundup Max® on freshwater phytoplankton: An in situ approach in Salto Grande reservoir (Argentina)
|
Gattás, Florencia |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 748-757 |
artikel |
64 |
Impacts of nonpoint source pollutants on microbial community in rain gardens
|
Hong, Jungsun |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 20-27 |
artikel |
65 |
Improving leachate quality and optimizing CH4 and N2O emissions from a pre-aerated semi-aerobic bioreactor landfill using different pre-aeration strategies
|
Li, Weihua |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 839-847 |
artikel |
66 |
Increased exposure to pesticides and colon cancer: Early evidence in Brazil
|
Martin, Francis L. |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 623-631 |
artikel |
67 |
Indigenous microorganisms residing in oil sands tailings biodegrade residual bitumen
|
Yu, Xiaoxuan |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 551-559 |
artikel |
68 |
Influence of aggregation on nanoscale titanium dioxide (nTiO2) deposition to quartz sand
|
Tang, Zhong |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 517-524 |
artikel |
69 |
Influence of salinity on the toxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and silver nitrate (AgNO3) in halophilic microalgae, Dunaliella salina
|
Johari, Seyed Ali |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 156-162 |
artikel |
70 |
Influence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the toxicity of arsenate in Nannochloropsis maritima
|
Yang, Fan |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 191-200 |
artikel |
71 |
Interplay of ROS and behavioral pattern in fluoride exposed Drosophila melanogaster
|
Khatun, Salma |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 220-231 |
artikel |
72 |
Investigating the suitability of Fe0 packed-beds for water defluoridation
|
Heimann, Svenja |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 578-587 |
artikel |
73 |
In-vitro metabolomics to evaluate toxicity of particulate matter under environmentally realistic conditions
|
Sánchez-Soberón, Francisco |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 137-146 |
artikel |
74 |
JNK/STAT signalling pathway is involved in fluoride-induced follicular developmental dysplasia in female mice
|
Zhao, Wen-Peng |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 88-95 |
artikel |
75 |
Kinetics of arsenic absorption by the species Eichhornia crassipes and Lemna valdiviana under optimized conditions
|
Souza, Tamara Daiane de |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 866-874 |
artikel |
76 |
Low-concentration exposure to glyphosate-based herbicide modulates the complexes of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and induces mitochondrial hyperpolarization in the Danio rerio brain
|
Pereira, Aline G. |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 353-362 |
artikel |
77 |
Magnetic dithiocarbamate functionalized reduced graphene oxide for the removal of Cu(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), and Hg(II) ions from aqueous solution: Synthesis, adsorption, and regeneration
|
Fu, Weng |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 449-456 |
artikel |
78 |
Mechanistic consideration of the photochemical transformation of domoic acid (algal toxin) in DOM-Rich brackish water
|
Jin, Hangxing |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 328-337 |
artikel |
79 |
Metal removal from soil leachates using DTPA-functionalised maghemite nanoparticles, a potential soil washing technology
|
Hughes, D.L. |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 480-488 |
artikel |
80 |
Microplastic contamination in benthic organisms from the Arctic and sub-Arctic regions
|
Fang, Chao |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 298-306 |
artikel |
81 |
Modelling PAH partitioning during sludge disintegration: The key role of dissolved and colloidal matter
|
Mozo, I. |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 883-891 |
artikel |
82 |
Molecular and cellular effects of temperature in oysters Crassostrea brasiliana exposed to phenanthrene
|
Lima, Daína |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 307-318 |
artikel |
83 |
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and fluorinated alternatives in urine and serum by on-line solid phase extraction–liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
|
Kato, Kayoko |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 338-345 |
artikel |
84 |
Photocatalytic ozonation under visible light for the remediation of water effluents and its integration with an electro-membrane bioreactor
|
Toledano Garcia, Diego |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 534-541 |
artikel |
85 |
Photosynthetic and antioxidant response of wheat to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) contamination in the soil
|
Gao, Minling |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 258-267 |
artikel |
86 |
Physiological, ultrastructural and proteomic responses of tobacco seedlings exposed to silver nanoparticles and silver nitrate
|
Štefanić, Petra Peharec |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 640-653 |
artikel |
87 |
Phytoextraction and biodegradation of atrazine by Myriophyllum spicatum and evaluation of bacterial communities involved in atrazine degradation in lake sediment
|
Qu, Mengjie |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 439-448 |
artikel |
88 |
Phytotoxic activity of diclofenac: Evaluation using a model green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with atrazine as a reference substance
|
Majewska, Monika |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 989-997 |
artikel |
89 |
Preliminary investigation of quorum quenching effects on sludge quantity and quality of activated sludge process
|
Salehiziri, Moslem |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 525-533 |
artikel |
90 |
Removal of precursors of typical nitrogenous disinfection byproducts in ozonation integrated with biological activated carbon (O3/BAC)
|
Zheng, Jian |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 68-77 |
artikel |
91 |
Review and recommendations on criteria to evaluate the relevance of pesticide interaction data for ecological risk assessments
|
Levine, Steven L. |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 124-136 |
artikel |
92 |
Role of pre-corrosion of Fe0 on its efficiency in remediation systems: An electrochemical study
|
Touomo-Wouafo, Marquise |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 617-622 |
artikel |
93 |
Salinity influences the interactive effects of cadmium and zinc on ethylene and polyamine synthesis in the halophyte plant species Kosteletzkya pentacarpos
|
Zhou, Mingxi |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 892-900 |
artikel |
94 |
Simultaneous degradation of tetracycline and denitrification by a novel bacterium, Klebsiella sp. SQY5
|
Shao, Sicheng |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 35-43 |
artikel |
95 |
Soil mutagenicity – Effects of acidification and organic pollutants in urban/industrial areas
|
Lemos, Andréia Torres |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 666-674 |
artikel |
96 |
Soil sterilisation methods for use in OECD 106: How effective are they?
|
Lees, Katherine |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 61-67 |
artikel |
97 |
Solvent-based separation and recycling of waste plastics: A review
|
Zhao, Yi-Bo |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 707-720 |
artikel |
98 |
Sorption properties of tylosin on four different microplastics
|
Guo, Xuetao |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 240-245 |
artikel |
99 |
Structural and functional responses of coastal marine phytoplankton communities to PAH mixtures
|
Ben Othman, Hiba |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 908-919 |
artikel |
100 |
Temporal and spatial distribution of Microcystis biomass and genotype in bloom areas of Lake Taihu
|
Guan, Dong-Xing |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 730-738 |
artikel |
101 |
Tetracycline desorption kinetics in municipal biosolids and poultry litter amendments determined by diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT)
|
D’Angelo, E. |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 232-239 |
artikel |
102 |
The characteristics of organic matter influence its interfacial interactions with MnO2 and catalytic oxidation processes
|
Zhang, Suona |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 950-959 |
artikel |
103 |
The international symposium BFR2017, York, UK
|
Fernandes, Alwyn |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 705-706 |
artikel |
104 |
The mobility and plant uptake of gallium and indium, two emerging contaminants associated with electronic waste and other sources
|
Jensen, Hayley |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 675-684 |
artikel |
105 |
The silk gland damage and the transcriptional response to detoxifying enzymes-related genes of Bombyx mori under phoxim exposure
|
Cheng, Xiaoyu |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 964-971 |
artikel |
106 |
Typical polar organic aerosol tracers in PM2.5 over the North China Plain: Spatial distribution, seasonal variations, contribution and sources
|
Shen, Rongrong |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 758-766 |
artikel |
107 |
Ultrasound enhanced electrochemical oxidation of Alizarin Red S on boron doped diamond(BDD) anode:Effect of degradation process parameters
|
Zhu, Chengwu |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 685-695 |
artikel |
108 |
Ultraviolet photosensitized transformation mechanism of microcystin-LR by natural organic matter in raw water
|
Sun, Qiyuan |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 96-103 |
artikel |
109 |
Utilizing recycled LiFePO4 from batteries in combination with B@C3N4 and CuFe2O4 as sustainable nano-junctions for high performance degradation of atenolol
|
Kumar, Amit |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 457-469 |
artikel |
110 |
Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides) is capable of removing insensitive high explosives from munition industry wastewater
|
Panja, Saumik |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 920-927 |
artikel |
111 |
Water-stable metal-organic frameworks for aqueous removal of heavy metals and radionuclides: A review
|
Feng, Mingbao |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 783-800 |
artikel |
112 |
Zinc alleviates copper toxicity to symbiotic nitrogen fixation in agricultural soil affected by copper mining in central Chile
|
Stowhas, Thomas |
|
2018 |
209 |
C |
p. 960-963 |
artikel |