nr |
titel |
auteur |
tijdschrift |
jaar |
jaarg. |
afl. |
pagina('s) |
type |
1 |
A carbon powder-nanotube composite cathode for non-aqueous lithium-air batteries
|
Tan, P. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 1-8 8 p. |
artikel |
2 |
A molecular molybdenum–schiff base electro-catalyst for generating hydrogen from acetic acid or water
|
Cao, Jie-Ping |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 129-135 7 p. |
artikel |
3 |
Amperometric biosensors precision improvement. Application to phenolic pollutants determination
|
Stoytcheva, M. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 25-30 6 p. |
artikel |
4 |
Analysis of non-isothermal effects on polymer electrolyte fuel cell electrode assemblies
|
Bhaiya, M. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 294-309 16 p. |
artikel |
5 |
Analytical expression of transient and steady-state catalytic current of mediated bioelectrocatalysis
|
Rajendran, L. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 678-687 10 p. |
artikel |
6 |
An electrochemical biosensor for the sensitive detection of specific DNA based on a dual-enzyme assisted amplification
|
Lin, Chunshui |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 785-790 6 p. |
artikel |
7 |
A New Approach in Determining Limiting Molar Conductivity value for Liquid Electrolyte
|
Hanibah, Hussein |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 758-764 7 p. |
artikel |
8 |
An Innovative Route to Prepare the All-solid-state Electrochemiluminescent Electrode — Using the Nano-rods of Luminol/Aniline Copolymer
|
Changbin, Xiao |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 791-796 6 p. |
artikel |
9 |
Anode processes for Nd electrowinning from LiF-NdF3-Nd2O3 melt
|
Liu, Shizhe |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 82-86 5 p. |
artikel |
10 |
Anodic diffusion layer with graphene-carbon nanotubes composite material for passive direct methanol fuel cell
|
Yuan, Ting |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 265-270 6 p. |
artikel |
11 |
Bio-inspired Formation of Mesoporous LiNbO3 Nanotubes and Application for Glucose Biosensor
|
Cai, Bin |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 176-182 7 p. |
artikel |
12 |
Carbon encapsulated ultrasmall SnO2 nanoparticles anchoring on graphene/TiO2 nanoscrolls for lithium storage
|
Li, Xinlu |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 40-46 7 p. |
artikel |
13 |
Chicken bone-derived N-doped porous carbon materials as an oxygen reduction electrocatalyst
|
Song, Huihui |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 520-526 7 p. |
artikel |
14 |
Conductometric study of ionic liquids in the presence of N,N′-bis(2-pyridylmethylidene)-1,2-diiminoethane (BPIE) Schiff base in acetonitrile solutions at 298.15K
|
Shekaari, Hemayat |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 360-365 6 p. |
artikel |
15 |
Continuous electrooxdiation of sulfuric acid on boron-doped diamond electrodes
|
Hippauf, Felix |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 589-595 7 p. |
artikel |
16 |
Co-reduction behaviors of lanthanum and aluminium ions in LiCl-KCl eutectic
|
Liu, Ya-Lan |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 104-113 10 p. |
artikel |
17 |
Cu direct electrodeposition using step current for superfilling on Ru-Al2O3 layer
|
Kim, Myung Jun |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 371-379 9 p. |
artikel |
18 |
Different strategies in electrochemical synthesis of new mono and di-substituted hydroquinone and benzoquinone
|
Nematollahi, Davood |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 310-318 9 p. |
artikel |
19 |
Effect of a pi-bridging unit in triphenylamine-benzothiadiazole based donor acceptor chromophores for dye-sensitized solar cells
|
Yigit, Mesude Zeliha |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 617-625 9 p. |
artikel |
20 |
Effect of Carbon Content on Nanocomposite Si(1-x)Cx Thin Film Anode for All-Solid-State Battery
|
Lee, K.S. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 232-240 9 p. |
artikel |
21 |
Effect of filler surface functionalization on the performance of Nafion/Titanium oxide composite membranes
|
de Bonis, Catia |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 418-425 8 p. |
artikel |
22 |
Effects of magnesium and fluorine co-doping on the structural and electrochemical performance of the spinel LiMn2O4 cathode materials
|
Wen, Weicheng |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 271-278 8 p. |
artikel |
23 |
Electroactive-Zone Extension in Flow-Battery Stacks
|
Smith, Kyle C. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 460-469 10 p. |
artikel |
24 |
Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical studies of poly(2,5-di-2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxin-5-ylthienyl) derivatives bearing azobenzene, coumarine and fluorescein dyes: Effect of chromophore groups on electrochromic properties
|
Yiğit, Deniz |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 669-677 9 p. |
artikel |
25 |
Electrochemical Behavior of Europium(III)-Europium(II) in LiF-NaF-KF Molten Salt
|
Huang, Wei |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 114-120 7 p. |
artikel |
26 |
ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF PILLAR[5]ARENE ON GLASSY CARBON ELECTRODE AND ITS INTERACTION WITH Cu2+ AND Ag+ IONS
|
Smolko, V.A. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 726-734 9 p. |
artikel |
27 |
Electrochemical behaviors of Dy(III) and its co-reduction with Al(III) in molten LiCl-KCl salts
|
Su, Ling-Ling |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 87-95 9 p. |
artikel |
28 |
Electrochemical behaviour of terbium in the eutectic LiCl-KCl in Cd liquid electrodes.- Evaluation of the thermochemical properties of the TbCdx intermetallic compounds
|
Castrillejo, Y. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 743-751 9 p. |
artikel |
29 |
Electrochemical deposition of zinc from zinc oxide in 2:1 urea/choline chloride ionic liquid
|
Yang, Haoxing |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 513-519 7 p. |
artikel |
30 |
Electrochemical extraction of cerium from CeO2 assisted by AlCl3 in molten LiCl-KCl
|
Wang, Lu |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 385-391 7 p. |
artikel |
31 |
Electrochemical functionalization of graphene nanosheets with catechol derivatives as an effective method for preparation of highly performance supercapacitors
|
Jokar, Effat |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 136-142 7 p. |
artikel |
32 |
Electrochemiluminescence acetylcholine biosensor based on biofunctional AMs-AChE-ChO biocomposite and electrodeposited graphene-Au-chitosan nanocomposite
|
Wu, Xiaoping |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 735-742 8 p. |
artikel |
33 |
Electrochemistry of ruthenium dioxide composite electrodes in diethylmethylammonium-triflate protic ionic liquid and its mixtures with acetonitrile
|
Nguyen, Ngoc Long |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 96-103 8 p. |
artikel |
34 |
Electrodeposition fabrication of pore-arrayed hydrogen tungsten bronze as support of platinum nanoparticles for electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol oxidation
|
Wang, Xiaojun |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 527-534 8 p. |
artikel |
35 |
Electrodeposition of antimony from chloride-free ethylene glycol solutions and fabrication of thermoelectric Bi2Te3/(Bi1−x Sb x )2Te3 multilayers using pulsed potential electrodeposition
|
Wu, Minxian |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 451-459 9 p. |
artikel |
36 |
Enhanced cyclability of amorphous carbon-coated SnO2-graphene composite as anode for Li-ion batteries
|
Lu, Xiaoxiao |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 596-602 7 p. |
artikel |
37 |
Enhanced Electrochemical Properties of Surface Roughed Pt Nanowire Electrocatalyst for Methanol Oxidation
|
Ruan, Dajiang |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 225-231 7 p. |
artikel |
38 |
Enhanced methanol electro-oxidation activity of Pt/MWCNTs electro-catalyst using manganese oxide deposited on MWCNTs
|
Nouralishahi, Amideddin |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 192-200 9 p. |
artikel |
39 |
Ethanol electro-oxidation on partially alloyed Pt-Sn-Rh/C catalysts
|
de Souza, Elson A. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 483-489 7 p. |
artikel |
40 |
Evaluation of Electrochemical Charge Storage Mechanism and Structural Changes in Intertwined MoO3–MWCNTs Composites for Supercapacitor Applications
|
Shakir, Imran |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 380-384 5 p. |
artikel |
41 |
Exact low–current analytical solution for impedance of the cathode catalyst layer in a PEM fuel cell
|
Kulikovsky, A.A. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 773-777 5 p. |
artikel |
42 |
Fabrication and characteristics of spherical hierarchical LiFePO4/C cathode material by a facile method
|
Ni, Liang |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 330-336 7 p. |
artikel |
43 |
Fabrication of Pd/Mn3O4/plait-like carbon nanocoils catalyst: A highly active catalyst for ethanol electro-oxidation in alkaline media
|
Cui, Rongjing |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 778-784 7 p. |
artikel |
44 |
Facile Synthesis of hybrid phase Li2NaV2(PO4)3 and its application in lithium ion full cell: Li2NaV2(PO4)3|| Li2NaV2(PO4)3
|
Mao, Wen-feng |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 498-505 8 p. |
artikel |
45 |
Facile synthesis of porous Pt botryoidal nanowires and their electrochemical properties
|
Huang, Zhongyuan |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 643-649 7 p. |
artikel |
46 |
Facile synthesis of the SnO2@OCNTs(open-tips carbon nano tubes) composite with superior cyclability for Li-ion batteries
|
Yu, Ji |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 720-725 6 p. |
artikel |
47 |
Forward and reverse differential-pulse effects applied in the formation of a solid electrolyte interface to enhance the performance of lithium batteries
|
Wang, Fu-Ming |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 582-588 7 p. |
artikel |
48 |
Functionality of Fe(NO3)3 salts as both positive and negative pseudocapacitor electrodes in alkaline aqueous electrolyte
|
Chen, Xu |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 216-224 9 p. |
artikel |
49 |
Future SI
|
|
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. II- 1 p. |
artikel |
50 |
Galvanostatic deposition of polypyrrole in the presence of tartaric acid for electrochemical supercapacitor
|
Karaca, Erhan |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 545-556 12 p. |
artikel |
51 |
High-performance aqueous asymmetric supercapacitor based on carbon nanofibers network and tungsten trioxide nanorod bundles electrodes
|
Peng, Hui |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 54-61 8 p. |
artikel |
52 |
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Li4Ti5O12/TiO2 Nano-composite As High Performance Anode Material for Li-Ion Batteries
|
Xu, Chao |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 506-512 7 p. |
artikel |
53 |
IFC - Top Editorial Board
|
|
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. IFC- 1 p. |
artikel |
54 |
Impact of Tab Location on Large Format Lithium-Ion Pouch Cell Based on Fully Coupled Tree-Dimensional Electrochemical-Thermal Modeling
|
Samba, Ahmadou |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 319-329 11 p. |
artikel |
55 |
Improved electrochemical property of copper nitrate hydrate by multi-wall carbon nanotube
|
Zheng, Xi |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 765-772 8 p. |
artikel |
56 |
Improved elevated temperature performance of commercial LiMn2O4 coated with LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4
|
Qiu, Tian |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 626-635 10 p. |
artikel |
57 |
Improved Lithium Ion Behavior Properties of TiO2@Graphitic-like Carbon Core@Shell Nanostructure
|
Kim, Min-Cheol |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 241-249 9 p. |
artikel |
58 |
Improving cyclic stability of lithium nickel manganese oxide cathode for high voltage lithium ion battery by modifying electrode/electrolyte interface with electrolyte additive
|
Li, Bin |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 636-642 7 p. |
artikel |
59 |
Inkjet-Printed Flexible Graphene-Based Supercapacitor
|
Ervin, Matthew H. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 610-616 7 p. |
artikel |
60 |
In situ pre-concentration and voltammetric determination of trace lead and cadmium by a novel ionic liquid mediated hollow fiber-graphite electrode and design of experiments via Taguchi method
|
Es'haghi, Zarrin |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 279-287 9 p. |
artikel |
61 |
In-situ trapping and confining of highly redox active quinoline quinones on MWCNT modified glassy carbon electrode and its selective electrocatalytic oxidation and sensing of hydrazine
|
Swetha, Puchakayala |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 62-72 11 p. |
artikel |
62 |
Investigation of electrochemical reduction of GeO2 to Ge in molten CaCl2-NaCl
|
Rong, Liangbin |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 352-359 8 p. |
artikel |
63 |
ISE pages
|
|
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. iii-ix nvt p. |
artikel |
64 |
Layer-by-Layer Hybrids of MoS2 and Reduced Graphene Oxide for Lithium Ion Batteries
|
Jing, Yu |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 392-400 9 p. |
artikel |
65 |
Li3V2(PO4)3-coated Li1.17Ni0.2Co0.05Mn0.58O2 as the cathode materials with high rate capability for Lithium ion batteries
|
Liu, Yi |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 696-703 8 p. |
artikel |
66 |
Mass scale sugar-mediated green synthesis and DSSCs application of tin oxide nanostructured photoanode: Effect of zinc sulphide layering on charge collection efficiency
|
Shaikh, Shoyebmohamad F. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 408-417 10 p. |
artikel |
67 |
Mixtures of Ionic Liquid and Sulfolane as Electrolytes for Li-Ion Batteries
|
Hofmann, Andreas |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 704-711 8 p. |
artikel |
68 |
Modeling of metal hydride battery anodes at high discharge current densities and constant discharge currents
|
Gabis, I.E. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 73-81 9 p. |
artikel |
69 |
Modification of carbon paste electrode with Ni-clinoptilolite nanoparticles for electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol
|
Sheikh-Mohseni, Mohammad Hossein |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 572-581 10 p. |
artikel |
70 |
Morphology–dependent electrochemical sensing properties of manganese dioxide–graphene oxide hybrid for guaiacol and vanillin
|
Gan, Tian |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 157-166 10 p. |
artikel |
71 |
Optimal Regularization in Distribution of Relaxation Times applied to Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy: Ridge and Lasso Regression Methods - A Theoretical and Experimental Study
|
Saccoccio, Mattia |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 470-482 13 p. |
artikel |
72 |
Organic Alloy Electrolytes for Thermostable Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
|
Zhu, Xiaoming |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 535-539 5 p. |
artikel |
73 |
Oxygen Electroreduction on Heat-treated Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Supported Iron Polyphthalocyanine in Acid Media
|
Zhang, Rui |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 343-351 9 p. |
artikel |
74 |
Palladium nanoparticles incorporated polymer-silica nanocomposite based electrochemical sensing platform for nitrobenzene detection
|
Rastogi, Pankaj Kumar |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 442-450 9 p. |
artikel |
75 |
Paper-based electrochemical immunosensor for carcinoembryonic antigen based on three dimensional flower-like gold electrode and gold-silver bimetallic nanoparticles
|
Sun, Guoqiang |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 650-656 7 p. |
artikel |
76 |
Pd deposited on MWCNTs modified carbon fiber paper as high-efficient electrocatalyst for ethanol electrooxidation
|
Li, Ya-hao |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 151-156 6 p. |
artikel |
77 |
Performance Evaluation of Two-Stage Electrokinetic Washing as Soil Remediation Method for Lead Removal using Different Wash Solutions
|
Ng, Y.S. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 9-18 10 p. |
artikel |
78 |
Physical principles for the calculation of equilibrium potential for co-electrolysis of steam and carbon dioxide in a Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cell (SOEC)
|
Stempien, Jan Pawel |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 490-497 8 p. |
artikel |
79 |
Physico–chemical Modelling of Adlayer Phase Formation via Surface–limited Reactions of Copper in Relation to Sequential Electrodeposition of Multilayered Platinum on Crystalline Gold
|
Mkwizu, Tumaini S. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 432-441 10 p. |
artikel |
80 |
Poly(vinylidene fluoride)–implanted cobalt–platinum alloy counter electrodes for dye–sensitized solar cells
|
He, Benlin |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 209-215 7 p. |
artikel |
81 |
Porous Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 Nanospheres: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application for Lithium Storage
|
Zhang, Min |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 143-150 8 p. |
artikel |
82 |
Preparation of hollow Zn2SnO4 boxes@C/graphene ternary composites with a triple buffering structure and their electrochemical performance for lithium-ion batteries
|
Huang, Haijian |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 201-208 8 p. |
artikel |
83 |
Preparation of Partially Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheets/Poly(Sodium 4-Styrenesulfonate) Composite with High Capacitance
|
Yan, Wei |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 257-264 8 p. |
artikel |
84 |
Probing the pH dependent electrochemistry of a novel quinoxaline carboxylic acid derivative at a glassy carbon electrode
|
Shah, Aamir Hassan |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 121-128 8 p. |
artikel |
85 |
Pyrolyzed Photoresist Carbon Electrodes in Aprotic Solvent: Bilirubin Electrochemistry and Interaction with Electrogenerated Superoxide
|
Silvestrini, M. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 401-407 7 p. |
artikel |
86 |
Quasi-anhydrous proton conducting di-ureasil hybrid electrolytes incorporating a protic ionic liquid
|
Cardoso, M.A. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 288-293 6 p. |
artikel |
87 |
Recent SI
|
|
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. I- 1 p. |
artikel |
88 |
Redox-active organics/polypyrrole composite as a cycle-stable cathode for Li ion batteries
|
Deng, W.W. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 426-431 6 p. |
artikel |
89 |
Reduced Graphene Oxide/Manganese Carbonate Hybrid Composite: High Performance Supercapacitor Electrode Material
|
Ghosh, Debasis |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 557-564 8 p. |
artikel |
90 |
Silver chloride micelle-induced tuning of pseudocapacitive manganese dioxide
|
Wan, Chuanyun |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 712-719 8 p. |
artikel |
91 |
Silver recovery from an effluent generated by plating industry using a rotating cylinder electrode (RCE)
|
Arredondo, José L. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 337-342 6 p. |
artikel |
92 |
Spontaneous Lithium Transportation via LiMn2O4/Electrolyte Interface Studied by 6/7Li Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
|
Murakami, Miwa |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 540-544 5 p. |
artikel |
93 |
Supercapacitor performance of spherical nanoporous carbon obtained by a CaCO3-assisted template carbonization method from polytetrafluoroethene waste and the electrochemical enhancement by the nitridation of CO(NH2)2
|
Jiang, Wenming |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 183-191 9 p. |
artikel |
94 |
Superfine TiO2/SnO2/Carbon Hybrid Nanocomposite with Greatly Enhanced Electrochemical Properties
|
Li, Wentao |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 603-609 7 p. |
artikel |
95 |
Synthesis and characterization of α-nickel (II) hydroxide particles on organic-inorganic matrix and its application in a sensitive electrochemical sensor for vitamin D determination
|
Canevari, Thiago C. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 688-695 8 p. |
artikel |
96 |
Synthesis, crystal structure and electrochemical properties of LiFePO4F cathode material for Li-ion batteries
|
Chen, D. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 663-668 6 p. |
artikel |
97 |
Synthesis of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode with excellent fast charge-discharge performance for lithium-ion battery
|
Yi, Ting-Feng |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 250-256 7 p. |
artikel |
98 |
The Electrochemical polymerisation of 1,2 dihydroxybenzene and 2-hydroxybenzyl alcohol prepared in different solutions media
|
Barham, Ahmad S. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 19-24 6 p. |
artikel |
99 |
The electrodeposition of Ga-doped CuInSe2 thin film in the presence of Triton 100-X
|
Lucas, F. Willian de S. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 47-53 7 p. |
artikel |
100 |
The Influence of Ammonia on the Electroless Deposition of CoB Alloys from Alkaline Citrate containing Baths
|
Ribeiro, M.C. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 752-757 6 p. |
artikel |
101 |
The quasi-steady state of all-vanadium redox flow batteries: A scale analysis
|
Sharma, A.K. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 657-662 6 p. |
artikel |
102 |
TiO2 compact layer for dye-sensitized SnO2 nanocrystalline thin film
|
Yang, Hui |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 366-370 5 p. |
artikel |
103 |
Tris (trimethylsilyl) borate (TMSB) as a cathode surface film forming additive for 5V Li/LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Li-ion cells
|
Rong, Haibo |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 31-39 9 p. |
artikel |
104 |
Tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphite as electrolyte additive for high voltage layered lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide cathode of lithium ion battery
|
Mai, Shaowei |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 565-571 7 p. |
artikel |
105 |
Versatile insertion capability of Na1.2V3O8 nanobelts in aqueous electrolyte solutions
|
Vujković, M. |
|
2014 |
147 |
C |
p. 167-175 9 p. |
artikel |