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| Titel: |
Tracer-Test Design for Losing Stream–Aquifer Systems. |
| Auteur: |
Field Malcolm S. |
| Verschenen in: |
International journal of speleology |
| Paginering: | Jaargang 35 (2006) nr. 1 pagina's 25-36 |
| Jaar: |
2006 |
| Inhoud: |
Hydrological tracer testing is an effective way for assessing the significance and extent of leakage through the bed of an influent(losing and sinking) stream. In karstic terranes, leakage from losing and sinking streams typically resurge at downstream springs,but flow may be intercepted by production wells. Although sinking streams that disappear into swallow holes and caves are relativelyeasy to trace, developing a tracer test design for a losing stream that allows slow percolation through its bed is complicated by thelack of basic knowledge regarding leakage rate, leakage locations along its length, and temporal variability. To overcome thesecomplications, modification to the Efficient Hydrologic Tracer-test Design (EHTD) program were undertaken. Simultaneous useof both pumping wells and springs as sampling stations constituted initial modifications to EHTD. Additional modifications werethen taken to address the problem of losing streams by using the total volume of flow leaking through the bed of a losing streamas determined by taking the difference between upgradient and downgradient discharge measurements or as estimated from theeffective porosity of the stream bed. Leakage rate may be set if measured or may be taken as a function of the estimated mean traveltime for the losing stream. These modifications are also effective for dry stream channel in which an artificial flow is necessarily added to facilitate a tracer test. |
| Uitgever: |
Società Speleologica Italiana (provided by DOAJ) |
| Bronbestand: |
Elektronische Wetenschappelijke Tijdschriften |
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