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Details for article 1 of 6 found articles
| Title: |
Challenges and Opportunities for Fuel Cells in Stationary Power Generation |
| Author: |
Sriramulu, Suresh Targoff, Jason Lasher, Stephen Carlson, Eric Zogg, Robert |
| Appeared in: |
Cogeneration & distributed generation journal |
| Paging: | Volume 20 (2005) nr. 3 pages 31-42 |
| Year: |
2005-06-01 |
| Contents: |
Fuel cell power systems are considered attractive for a wide range of stationary power generation applications including residential, commercial, and industrial distributed generation, as well as large utility power plants. The current interest in fuel cell systems stems from their potential for high efficiency (lower heating value (LHV) efficiencies of 35-70 percent, depending on technology and system capacity). In addition, fuel-cell technology has demonstrated very low (truly negligible) emission levels and has noise characteristics similar to air-conditioning systems (i.e., mostly air-moving equipment). Routine maintenance of fuel cells has the potential for being minimal even in low-capacity systems because there are no heavily loaded mechanical subsystems required (unless compressors are required for pressurized operation). Four primary fuel cell technologies are being developed for stationary applications. Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC); Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell (PAFC); Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC); and Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC). The past two decades have seen impressive advancements in the science and technology of these fuel-cell power systems. Excellent discussions of the science and technology of all the major types of fuel cells, recent developments and remaining technical challenges can be found in references [1-2]. We address the end-user economics of fuel cell systems for stationary applications using planar, 5-kW anode-supported SOFC technology as an example. Planar SOFC is receiving a great deal of attention as part of both government—the Solid State Energy Conversion Alliance (SECA) program—and industry initiatives. The increasing interest in planar SOFC is the result, in large part, to technology developments (anode supported thin-film electrolyte designs) in which the total ohmic resistance of the stack is significantly reduced allowing for lower-temperature operation (650°C-800°C rather than 1000°C) than was previously the case. We also discuss the important cost elements that determine the cost of electricity from fuel cell power systems including factory, material, installation, and operating and maintenance (O&M) costs. We assess the impact of success in ongoing R&D programs on the cost of electricity. |
| Publisher: |
Taylor & Francis |
| Source file: |
Elektronische Wetenschappelijke Tijdschriften |
Details for article 1 of 6 found articles
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