Oestrogenicity of paper and cardboard extracts used as food containers
Titel:
Oestrogenicity of paper and cardboard extracts used as food containers
Auteur:
Lopez-Espinosa, M. -J. Granada, A. Araque, P. Molina-Molina, J. -M. Puertollano, M. -C. Rivas, A. Fernandez, M. Cerrillo, I. Olea-Serrano, M. -F. Lopez, C. Olea, N.
Verschenen in:
Food additives and contaminants. Pt. A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment
Paginering:
Jaargang 24 (2007) nr. 1 pagina's 95-102
Jaar:
2007-01-01
Inhoud:
Bisphenol-A (BPA), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), which are common chemical residues in food-packaging materials, were investigated in paper and cardboard containers used for take-away food. The oestrogenicity of aqueous extracts was tested in E-Screen bioassay and analysis carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Oestrogenicity was demonstrated in 90% of extracts (geometric mean [GM] = 11.97 pM oestradiol equivalents g-1). DEHP, DBP, and BPA (GM = 341.74, 37.59, and 2.38 ng g-1 of material) were present in 77.50, 67.50, and 47.50% of samples, respectively. In bivariate analyses, no significant association was found between the levels of these chemicals and oestrogenicity in cardboard/paper extracts. A close-to-significant association was found between oestrogenicity and DBP (β = 1.25; p = 0.06) in paper extracts, which reached statistical significance in multivariate analysis (β = 1.61; p = 0.03). Paper and cardboard used in food packaging may contribute to the inadvertent exposure of consumers to endocrine-disrupting chemicals.