The Fabrication of Near Net-Shaped Hydroxyapatite Ceramics by the Oxidation of Solid, Metal-Bearing Precursors
Title:
The Fabrication of Near Net-Shaped Hydroxyapatite Ceramics by the Oxidation of Solid, Metal-Bearing Precursors
Author:
Saw, Eaden Sandhage, Kenneth H. Gallagher, Patrick K. Litsky, Alan S.
Appeared in:
Materials and manufacturing processes
Paging:
Volume 15 (2000) nr. 1 pages 29-45
Year:
2000
Contents:
Near net-shaped bodies of hydroxyapatite (HA), Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, have been fabricated by a novel process: the oxidation of solid, metal-bearing precursors. High-energy mechanical alloying was used to produce an intimate powder mixture of metallic calcium and calcium pyrophosphate, β-Ca2P2O7, that possessed an overall stoichiometry consistent with HA (molar Ca:Ca2P2O7 ratio = 4:3). The milled Ca-Ca2P2O7 mixtures were sufficiently malleable as to allow for compaction and forming (pressing, machining) into shaped green bodies with relatively high densities (80-86%). The green bodies were converted into phase-pure HA through heat treatments at 500-600°C in dry oxygen (for Ca oxidation), 850°C in moist oxygen or air (for HA formation), and 1100-1150°C in moist oxygen or air (for sintering). The offsetting volume changes associated with calcium oxidation (Vm(CaO) < Vm(Ca)) and subsequent HA formation (Vm(HA) > 4Vm(CaO) + 3Vm(Ca2P2O7)) resulted in HA bodies that retained the shapes and dimensions (to within a few percent) of the metal-bearing precursors.