Culture and identity are not just some abstract notions, but 'living' concepts which are closely connected to people's lives, and the decision of the domestic courts reflect, in fact, how different societies respond to the issue of protecting the culture and identity of minorities. The national courts' decisions presented in this article are related to the following groups: linguistic minorities, national minorities, 'new' minorities, religious minorities and indigenous people. The selection of the case laws was made with a double aim: first to provide relevant jurisprudence covering different topics of interest for these groups (e.g., the right to education, the freedom of religion, the right to preserve personal names, holy days or traditions as part of their national or cultural identity) and second, to ensure as wide a geographical representation as possible (North America, Europe, Caucasus and Africa).
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