Exposure of homeowners and bystanders to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)
Titel:
Exposure of homeowners and bystanders to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)
Auteur:
Harris, S. A. Solomon, K. R. Stephenson, G. R.
Verschenen in:
Journal of environmental science and health. Part B, Pesticides, food contaminants, and agricultural wastes
Paginering:
Jaargang 27 (1992) nr. 1 pagina's 23-38
Jaar:
1992-02
Inhoud:
Total body dose received in home gardeners applying 2,4-D and bystanders living within the household, but not applying the pesticide was measured. Levels of 2,4-D were monitored in air samples both inside the home and downwind of the application site. Homeowners were divided into protective and non-protective apparel groups and applied both a granular and liquid formulation of 2,4-D on two separate dates. Analyses of urine collected from homeowners for 96 hours following applications found total body doses ranging from non-detectable to 0.0071 mg/kg of body weight. The highest exposures occurred in the non-protected group and were consistently associated with spills of the liquid concentrate or excessive contact with the dilute mixture on the hands or forearms. Residues of 2,4-D were not detected in urine samples supplied by bystanders to home applicators. Residues of 2,4-D were detected in five of the 76 air samples taken during the home applications. ^Two of these air samples coincided with measurable applicator exposure but it is unlikely that this was a major route of exposure.