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| Titel: |
Tariff reduction by segregation and recycling of a water sludge discharge in singapore |
| Auteur: |
Appan, Adhityan |
| Verschenen in: |
Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering |
| Paginering: | Jaargang 25 (1990) nr. 1 pagina's 29-46 |
| Jaar: |
1990-01 |
| Inhoud: |
In a conventional water treatment plant in Singapore, a levy was being paid for directly discharging sludge (from flocculators, clarifiers and filters) into a nearby public sewer. Site configuration and high treatability costs ruled out the possibility of having in-situ facilities for treatment of the alum-lime sludge. Hence a study was undertaken to assess the impact of recycling some of the lesser potent fractions of this sludge and to appraise the economic viability of this proposal. From the characteristics of the sludges from different sources, it was established that dewatering and cleaning of the flocculators and clarifiers produced the most potent sludge whereas it was the filter backwash that had the largest fraction of 72.5% of the total waste volume. Using samples of the filter backwash blended with influent raw water it was ascertained that the impact on the raw water quality was negligible and the settling characteristics of the flocs improved but there was a marginal increase in the coagulant dosages. Based on costs for collecting and pumping filter backwashes and a resulting decrease in discharge volumes of sludge to public sewers, there can be a saving of Singapore Dollars(S$) 207,000 in the annual operating costs which includes the recycling of at least 2.6% (or about 900,000 m3/annum) of the throughput. |
| Uitgever: |
Taylor & Francis |
| Bronbestand: |
Elektronische Wetenschappelijke Tijdschriften |
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