Salmonella survival in freshwater and experimental infections in goldfish (crassuis auratus)
Titel:
Salmonella survival in freshwater and experimental infections in goldfish (crassuis auratus)
Auteur:
Lawton, Robert L. Morse, Erskine V.
Verschenen in:
Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering
Paginering:
Jaargang 15 (1980) nr. 4 pagina's 339-358
Jaar:
1980
Inhoud:
The infection rates for various Salmonella serotypes in goldfish (Crassuis auratus) were evaluated under a number of controlled environmental conditions. Studies were undertaken to determine the number of salmonellae necessary to cause infection, and to elucidate the conditions instrumental to the continued persistence of the pathogen in the aquatic environment. All of 32 strains (representing 12 serotypes of Salmonella) studied infected goldfish. Under appropriate physiological conditions, the fish were infected for a period of two weeks with ≤5 organisms/ml water. Physiological stress to the fish augmented infection rates. Increased eutrophy, with agitation of the water, was correlated with lowered infection rates and decreased survival of the pathogen. The presence of a bottom sediment under these same eutrophic conditions resulted in infections of six weeks duration. Repeated isolation of salmonellae from the gastrointestinal tracts of the fish suggested that colonization had occurred. A cycle of reinfection, i.e. fish to water to fish, may have taken place. Thus the fish may have contributed an important element for the persistence of Salmonella in freshwater. Salmonella may be used as monitors of fecal pollution in the aquatic biosphere. These bacteria, when present in native fishes may also be retrospective indices of fecal pollution. The presence of Salmonella in any body of water raises serious questions as to water quality and safety for both man and livestock.
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