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| Titel: |
New Horizons in Environment and Application of Polymeric Materials |
| Auteur: |
Zaikov, G. E. Artsis, M. I. Polishchuk, A. Ya. |
| Verschenen in: |
International journal of polymeric materials |
| Paginering: | Jaargang 33 (1996) nr. 3-4 pagina's 257-259 |
| Jaar: |
1996-06-01 |
| Inhoud: |
“Devastating wars will always take place on Earth bringing death and destruction of the planet's forests with infinite spite and then focus their rage on every living thing to be found around, bringing pain and damage, sufferings and death. The wind will blow plantless ground all over the world and cover the remnants of creatures that once made different countries alive and pleasant.” So prophesied Leonard0 da Vinci. The tragic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki seem to show that nobody can win or lose a nuclear war, and the “Peaceful Nuclear Technology” of Chernobyl Nuclear Station only support this conclusion. But mankind also face another catastrophy, the ecological one. What is the outlook regarding pollution of atmosphere, water and soil for the next 20-25 years? The long-term prediction is always difficult to guarantee the outcome of all programs on the improvements of the fuel balance, modernisation of older plants, the development of novel technologies and new polymers and composites (less toxical, which may be reused or destroyed using the products of degradation or heat). Following two versions of prognosis the release of sulphur dioxide will be reduced by 11-12% in 1980-2030, but the third version predicts a 9%-increase (Proceedings of Conference of Chemrawn-Chemical Research Applied to World Needs, IUPAC, Oxford, 1990). This difference could be explained by the fact that some predictions are based on the activity of older plants. More accurate prognosis on the production of polymers was given in the 208-th National Conference of the American Chemical Society, which was held in Washington, DC on August 21-25, 1994. The current production of synthetic polymers, as well as natural polymers (cellulose and its derivatives, natural rubber, etc.) have each been estimated at 130 million tons per year. This gives 250-260 million tons in aggregate, and, if we convert this quantity into the volume, we get 240 million cubic meters per year. We can compare this figure with an annual production of 100 million cubic meters of steel and 14 million cubic meters of other metals (copper, aluminium, zinc, cobalt, etc.). Therefore, the production of polymers is greater than of all metals together. The dynamics of the development of production is also important. The volume of production of polymers is expected to increase two-fold from 1995 to 2010. For the same period we will get only 1.5 times more metals. |
| Uitgever: |
Taylor & Francis |
| Bronbestand: |
Elektronische Wetenschappelijke Tijdschriften |
Details van artikel 4 van 12 gevonden artikelen
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