This paper discusses electricity deregulation after California. It is based on reports presented in an IEEE Power Engineering Society (PES) panel session that was subsequently updated and expanded by the principal author. It highlights the views of international authorities in Brazil, Chile, France, Germany, Italy, Russia, Spain, and the U.K. It examines the peculiarities and challenges of electric power industry liberalization in Russia; the California model as a paradigm for second-generation reforms in Latin America; and whether events in California will disturb the liberalization process in Spain. Also considered are perspectives of electric utility deregulation and risk management in France; how deregulation might be affected in Italy; and challenges of power deregulation in Brazil. Open access in Germany, power balance analysis in Europe, and the initial experience of new electricity trading arrangements in England and Wales as seen by the U.K. National Grid are also reviewed.
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