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| Titel: |
Visual selective attention and mental retardation |
| Auteur: |
Merrill, Edward C. O'dekirk, James M. |
| Verschenen in: |
Cognitive neuropsychology |
| Paginering: | Jaargang 11 (1994) nr. 2 pagina's 117-132 |
| Jaar: |
1994-04-01 |
| Inhoud: |
Two experiments are reported that examined differences in the control of visual attention exhibited by two groups of subjects with mental retardation (Down syndrome versus non-Down subjects) and subjects without mental retardation. Subjects took part in a response competition task to examine their ability to restrict attentional focus to a narrow range of the visual field and to see if this ability is sensitive to top-down operations associated with category variables (letter versus number). Subjects saw targets flanked by distractors. The distractors could be identical to targets (2 2 2 or K K K), from the same category as targets (3 2 3 or L K L), or from a different category to targets (L 2 L or 3 K 3). We also manipulated the separation between target and flankers from 0.06 to 2.5 degrees of visual angle. In Experiment 1, subjects responded to either the number 2 or the letter K. Results indicated that both groups of subjects with mental retardation exhibited greater interference at wider separation than did the non-retarded subjects. In addition, the non-retarded subjects exhibited a category effect (greater interference at wider separations for same than for different category stimuli), whereas the subjects with mental retardation did not. Experiment 2 confirmed that this second difference was likely to be the result of searching for a particular category. The implication of these results for the application of cognitive neuroscience to the study of attentional processes of persons with mental retardation is discussed. |
| Uitgever: |
Psychology Press |
| Bronbestand: |
Elektronische Wetenschappelijke Tijdschriften |
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