In recent years, Mexico has experienced a rapid increase in coastal activities. A general review on coastal resources and management in the country is presented. Major coastal environments, resources, and problems are outlined. The three main coastal activities are: oil extraction, fisheries, and tourism. Critical problems are associated with each of these activities. Legal frameworks, governance structures, and decision-making processes for coastal policy-making are summarized. Federal, state, and municipal governments have jurisdiction and mandates over the coastal zone, but agencies specifically responsible for coastal management have not been created. Federal power is much greater than state or municipal powers, and most important decisions are made at the federal level. Mexican legislation classifies most coastal resources as the nation's public trust. Coastal management strategies used in Mexico are identified. A shoreline exclusion zone has been established. Most planning and development are undertaken on a sectorial basis, and this is reflected in the coastal development and management strategies used in Mexico.
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