Corrosion failures in both hot and cold water systems in blocks of flats have attracted much research activity by CSTB in France. In a two-part article, we present the results of that research. The first article, by a scientist at the CSTB Grenoble division, recounts the latest thinking on the complex factors involved in the corrosion process, including the electro-chemical phenomena, and discusses the efficiency of various treatments that have been devised. The second article, on the evolution in France of codes, standards and rules for anti-corrosion precautions in water supply systems, will appear in our next issue.