Targeting 'technology exchange' for faster organizational and industry development
Titel:
Targeting 'technology exchange' for faster organizational and industry development
Auteur:
Kumaraswamy, Mohan M. Shrestha, G. B.
Verschenen in:
Building research & information
Paginering:
Jaargang 30 (2002) nr. 3 pagina's 183-195
Jaar:
2002-05-01
Inhoud:
Effective transfers of core knowledge and essential skills from one region/country/organization to another are often advocated to accelerate long-term development. However, the successful transfers of technologies in general and construction technology in particular have often been restricted by various barriers. A common problem is that the 'transferor' will not devote special resources to effecting sustainable (rather than superficial) 'transfers' if only the 'transferee' is perceived to benefit from such Technology Transfers. However, a broader conceptualization of technology incorporates multiple dimensions/components of 'knowledge' and skills, including 'cultural', linguistic, logistic and 'networking' capacities. This broadened concept could convince both parties of mutual benefits to be derived through an 'exchange' of strengths in different components of such technologies. The paper is based on a survey of international literature on these issues, structured interviews and responses to a questionnaire issued to a cross-section of practitioners in Hong Kong. The foregoing paradox of Technology Transfers and the proposed paradigm of 'technology exchange' are discussed in terms of the construction industry. Construction Joint Ventures that have proliferated in many countries including Hong Kong are seen to be a suitable vehicle for facilitating such technology exchange. Appropriate policies and incentives at macro(governmental), meso- (organizational) and micro- (project) levels are needed to empower and propel this process as part of an integrated strategy for the long-term development of construction organizations and industries. Pour accelerer le developpement a long terme, on preconise souvent des transferts effectifs de connaissances de base et de competences essentielles d'une region, d'un pays, d'une organisation a un autre. Cependant, le succes des transferts de technologies en general et de technologies de la construction en particulier a souvent ete freine par plusieurs obstacles. Un probleme commun est le fait que l'initiateur du transfert ne consacre pas de ressources particulieres pour faire en sorte que les transferts soient durables plutot que superficiels si seulement le receveur du transfert est percu comme beneficiant de ces transferts de technologies. Toutefois, une plus large conceptualisation de la technologie implique de multiples dimensions et composants de la "connaissance" et des competences, y compris des capacites "culturelles", linguistiques, logistiques et de reseautique. Ce concept elargi pourrait convaincre les deux parties des avantages reciproques a deriver des echanges de points forts dans differentes composantes de telles technologies. Cet article repose sur une etude de la documentation internationale relative a ces problemes, d'interviews structurees et de reponses a un questionnaire adresse a un panel de professionnels a Hong Kong. Le paradoxe des transferts de technologies et le modele propose des echanges de technologies sont examines dans le contexte du secteur de la construction. Dans de nombreux pays, y compris a Hong Kong, des coentreprises de construction se sont averees etre un vecteur approprie pour faciliter de tels echanges de technologies. Des politiques appropriees et des incitations aux niveau macro (gouvernements), meso (entreprises) et micro (projets) sont necessaires pour autonomiser et pousser ce processus dans le cadre d'une strategie integree de developpement a long terme des organisations et des entreprises du secteur de la construction.
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