The effects of punishment on unpunished reinforced free-operant responses
Titel:
The effects of punishment on unpunished reinforced free-operant responses
Auteur:
Crosbie, John
Verschenen in:
Australian journal of psychology
Paginering:
Jaargang 43 (1991) nr. 1 pagina's 1-5
Jaar:
1991-04-01
Inhoud:
The present experiment assessed the effects of response cost on several unpunished reinforced responses. and thus provided a systematic replication of Crosbie (1990) and a further analysis of Dunham's propositions (Dunham. 1971, 1978; Dunham & Grantmyre, 1982). Four university students made key-press responses on a computer keyboard and won and lost money as reinforcement and punishment, respectively. Ten responses were reinforced, but only one response was punished. Baseline and response cost conditions alternated in a multi-element baseline design. and response cost produced rapid sustained reduction of the target response for 3 of the 4 subjects. Interrupted time-series analysis and the binomial test of multi-element components found that unpunished responses increased for 3 subjects and decreased for 1 subject In contrast to Crosbie (1990). the present nontarget responses did not decrease dramatically when response cost was introduced; they either increased or decreased slightly, or maintained their baseline trends. Response rates were examined for all 10 responses during the final stages of the baseline and response-cost phases, and no support was found for Dunham's propositions. Support was found, however, for the proposition that unpunished responses function as a set (Crosbie. 1990; Deluty. 1976; de Villiers, 1977, 1981).
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