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| Titel: |
Hazardous Waste Management System in India: An Overview |
| Auteur: |
Kumar, Sunil Mukherjee, Somnath Chakrabarti, Tapan Devotta, Sukumar |
| Verschenen in: |
Critical reviews in environmental science and technology |
| Paginering: | Jaargang 38 (2008) nr. 1 pagina's 43-71 |
| Jaar: |
2008-01 |
| Inhoud: |
Lack treatment and disposal facilities causes hazardous wastes (HWs) to ravage municipal landfills and open spaces, raising serious environmental threats. Rapid industrialization over the last few decades has indiscriminately increased HW generation in India. In March 2000, the total HW generated was estimated to be 4.41 metric million tonnes (Babu and Ramkrishna, 2003). Adding to this woe are the substantial quantities of HWs being imported for recycling. Large quantities of HWs generated include used batteries, used and waste oil, broken fluorescent lamps, cleansing chemicals for wastes, pesticides past their expiration dates, and so forth. There are only a few well-established treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (TSDF), which precludes effective enforcement of regulations for HW generated from the industrial or nonindustrial sector. The guidelines issued by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF), Government of India, and the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) are available for selection of the best sites for TSDF and for establishing secured landfills (MoEF Guidelines, 1989, as amended in 2003). Only Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Andhra Pradesh states have TSDFs, though not in sufficient numbers and sizes to cater to the entire quantity of HWs generated (Babu and Ramkrishna, 2003). This article focuses on the current status, problems and challenges, policy issues, and future strategies for improvement in HW management system in India. |
| Uitgever: |
Taylor & Francis |
| Bronbestand: |
Elektronische Wetenschappelijke Tijdschriften |
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