Within a urban environment, three different sources of particulate matter should beconsidered: heating plants using different combustibles (natural gas, gas oil, fuel oil, wood), industrialplants placed in the surrounding area, traffic. While the effects of the first two origins can be easilycalculated on the basis of existing emission factors, the PM emissions from traffic are of two types,exhaust and non-exhaust. The latter type of emission is due to vehicle components’ wear (tyres,brakes), road abrasion and dust re-suspension and its quantification is not straightforward, as thevariability of the corresponding emission factors found in literature demonstrates. In this paper wetried to calculate the total PM emission factors due to traffic by means of the measured PMconcentrations for a 50,000 inhabitants town in NW Italy. At the same time we tried to assess thedifferent contributions to the air quality of the town due to the other emission sources, namely heatingand industrial plants, in order to understand who is the main responsible of the existing criticalsituation and to get some general information on the positive effect obtainable through differentintervention policy.