The separate and combined influences of sexual victimization, gender, and the summed duration (years) of alcohol and other drug abuse on treatment history were examined, using regression analyses. Sexual victimization was reported by 6.9% of males and 37.4% of females in treatment for alcohol and other drug abuse. Results indicated that gender and sexual victimization were both linked to the summed years of alcohol and other drug abuse, which was linked to treatment history. Women who had experienced sexual abuse had lengthier and more troubled treatment histories. Implications for treatment are discussed.