|
| << vorige | volgende >> |
Tijdschrift beschrijving
Alle jaargangen van het bijbehorende tijdschrift
Alle afleveringen van het bijbehorende jaargang
Alle artikelen van de bijbehorende aflevering
Details van artikel 9 van 34 gevonden artikelen
| Titel: |
Characterization and sources of extractable organochlorine in white sucker downstream from bleached kraft pulp mills |
| Auteur: |
Zhuang, Wenshan McKague, A. Bruce Reeve, Douglas W. Carey, John |
| Verschenen in: |
International journal of environmental analytical chemistry |
| Paginering: | Jaargang 86 (2006) nr. 12 pagina's 867-887 |
| Jaar: |
2006-10-15 |
| Inhoud: |
Organochlorine, obtained by extraction with hexane-acetone mixture (3 : 1) of fillets of white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) sampled downstream of pulp mills and in a reference river, was characterized by gel-permeation chromatography, transesterification, neutron activation analysis, and gas chromatography with halogen-sensitive detection. It was found that over 78% of the extractable organochlorine (EOCl) is of relatively high molecular weight (>∼350). Chlorinated fatty acids account for 43-80% of EOCl in the high-molecular-weight portion, while chlorobenzenes, chlorinated pesticides, and polychlorinated biphenyls account for 4-55% of EOCl in the low-molecular-weight portion. Though undetectable in reference fish, three particular chlorinated fatty acids, i.e. threo-5,6-dichlorotetradecanoic, threo-7,8-dichlorohexadecanoic and threo-9,10-dichlorooctadecanoic acids, are characteristic of EOCl from fish collected downstream of bleached kraft pulp mills using chlorine-based bleaching, representing about 30% of total EOCl, of which threo-5,6-dichlorotetradecanoic acid alone accounts for 60-70%. It is thus evident that, among chlorinated compounds discharged from bleached kraft pulp mills, threo-9,10-dichlorooctadecanoic acid, presumably generated in chlorine-based bleaching processes, is the most bio-accumulative in fish and can be biodegraded by fish into dichlorohexadecanoic and dichlorotetradecanoic acids, presumably via β-oxidative metabolism. These three compounds were also identified in suspended solids isolated from biologically treated final effluent discharged from a bleached pulp mill using 50% ClO2 substitution, thus confirming the effluent-related source for downstream fish. The finding also suggests that β-oxidation of dichlorooctadecanoic acid may also be operative in micro-organisms. |
| Uitgever: |
Taylor & Francis |
| Bronbestand: |
Elektronische Wetenschappelijke Tijdschriften |
Details van artikel 9 van 34 gevonden artikelen
| << vorige | volgende >> |