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Details for article 3 of 10 found articles
| Title: |
Contribution a la preservation du patrimoine genetique male des collections vegetales vivantes du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris |
| Author: |
Cerceau-Larrival, M.-Th. Delange, Y. Youmbi, E. Derouet, L. Verhille, A. -M. Carbonnier-Jarreau, M. -C. |
| Appeared in: |
Grana |
| Paging: | Volume 34 (1995) nr. 6 pages 371-407 |
| Year: |
1995 |
| Contents: |
The collections of live plants at the National Museum of Natural History in Paris (Australian and Tropical Green Houses, Alpine Garden, Chevreloup's Arboretum and Menton's Exotic Garden) include many ornamental and also many medicinal and aromatic plants which are threatened or only represented by a few individuals. Firstly, a palynological inventory of more than 250 species allowed an evaluation of the male gametophyte (pollen) biodiversity of these collections. The study is illustrated by observations using scanning electron microscopy. These are sixteen of Dicotyledons and eight Monocotyledons selected according to the systematic and conservation status of the plant and the originality or representativity of their pollen type and structure: Dicotyledons: Peumus, Harrisia, Fenestraria, Sparmannia, Bauhinia, Banksia, Sarcocaulon, Reinwardtia, Mina, Jaborosa, Whitfieldia, Thunbergia, Martynia, Sesamothamnus. Felicia. Monocotyledons: Cyperus, Billbergia, Spathiphyllum, Furcraea, Crinum, Iris, Aloe, Lapageria. Original and remarkable structures were observed which deserve more detailed studies in Peumus boldus, Sarcocaulon vanderietiæ; and Reinwardtia trigyna, in the Dicotyledons, and in Spathiphyllum floribundum and Furcraea selloa in the Monocotyledons. Secondly a pollen bank was created in 1983 at the Palynologivcal Laboratory, using a particular technic of freeze-drying developed there. Some 'models', sorted out from the above mentioned collections, have been included in the bank in order to contribute: — to the management of the genetic patrimony of these living collections — to their conservations as wild plants. Eight Dicotyledons and four Monocotyledons were tested with respect to preservation and storage schedule at various temperatures: Dicotyledons: Helxine, Sparmannia, Raphiolepis, Aeonium, Callistemon, Jasminum, Petunia, Viburnum. Monocotyledons: Clivia, Lapageria, Crinum, Iris. These latter studies stress that, once the germination medium is well defined, pollen preserved by freezedrying and stored at — 80°C seem the best protected for long survival. Les collections vegetales vivantes du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Serres australienne et tropicale, Jardin alpin, Serres de Chevreloup, Jardin exotique de Menton) renferment beaucoup de plantes ornementales, mais aussi de nombreuses plantes medicinales et aromatiques, parfois menacees ou representees a tres peu d'exemplaires. D'une part, un inventaire palynologique, portant sur plus de 250 especes a permis une evaluation de la Biodiversite du gametophyte male (pollen), a travers ces collections. Ce travail est illustre par des observations faites en Microscopie Electronique a Balayage. Elles portent sur un choix de 16 Dicotyledones et 8 Monocotyledones, choix etabli en fonction de la plante (position systematique, plante menacee), et de l'originalite ou de la representativite du type de pollen et de sa structure: Dicotyledones: Peumus, Harrisia, Fenestraria, Sparmannia, Drosera, Bauhinia, Banksia, Sarcocaulon, Reinwardtia, Mina, Jaborosa, Whitfieldia, Thunbergia, Martynia, Sesamothamnus, Felicia. Monocotyledones: Cyperus, Billbergia, Spathiphyllum, Furcraea, Crinum, Iris, Aloë, Lapageria. Des structures originales, remarquables, celles par exemple de Peumus boldus, Sarcocaulon vanderietia, Reinwardtia frigyna, pour les Dicotyledones, Spathiphyllum floribundum, Furcraea selloa pour les Monocotyledones, ont ete observees et meriteraient des etudes plus appronfondies. D'autre part, une Banque de pollens ayant ete cree, en 1983, au Laboratoire de Palynologie, a partir d'une technique particuliere de lyophilisation mise au point par nos soins, certains “modeles”, issues de ces collections, ont ete introduits dans la Banque afin d'apporter une contribution: — a la gestion du Patrimoine genetique de ces collections vegetales vivantes — et a leur conservation, en tant qu'especes sauvages. Huit Dicotyledones et quatre Monocotyledones ont ete testees tout au long de leur conservation et de leur stockage a des temperatures differentes: Dicotyledones: Helxine, Sparmannia, Raphiolepis, Aeonium, Callistemon, Jasminum, Petunia, Viburnum. Monocotyledones: Clivia, Lapageria, Crinum, Iris. Il ressort de ces dernieres etudes que, une fois le milieu de germination bien defini, les pollens, conserves par lyophilisation et stocees a 80°C, semblent etre les mieux proteges pour atteindre une survie de longue duree. |
| Publisher: |
Taylor & Francis |
| Source file: |
Elektronische Wetenschappelijke Tijdschriften |
Details for article 3 of 10 found articles
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