The effect of soil applied macro- and micro-nutrients on results of diagnostic soil and tissue tests for 'concord' grapes
Title:
The effect of soil applied macro- and micro-nutrients on results of diagnostic soil and tissue tests for 'concord' grapes
Author:
Roberts, S. Ahmedullah, M.
Appeared in:
Communications in soil science and plant analysis
Paging:
Volume 18 (1987) nr. 2 pages 221-234
Year:
1987-02
Contents:
Additional information is needed on 'Concord' grapes (Vitis labruscana Bailey) in evaluating the nutrient requirements for establishing and bringing a vineyard into production. The objective of this experiment with 'Concord' grapes was to study the effects of selected macro- and micro-nutrients (N, P, K, B and Zn) on levels of nutrients in soil and vines while establishing a furrow irrigated vineyard on Warden silt loam (coarse-silty, mixed mesic Xerollic Camborthids). Spring fertilizer treatments were applied broadcast and incorporated before planting in 1980 and again in 1983 with N treatments repeated in 1982 and 1984. The high yielding treatments were 90 and 180 kg N ha which produced 16 to 17 Mg ha-1 of grapes, respectively in 1983 and 24 to 26 Mg ha in 1984. There was a significant yield response to N and Zn in 1984 but not to P, K, or B. Black leaf ("K deficiency") was most prominent at low K fertility in 1984. The build-up of inorganic N was minimized by the grain cover crop and reached a maximum of 27 mg kg-1 in the 90-cm soil profile during the study. Fertilizers increased soil test values for P, K, B and Zn to acceptable levels, well above the initial test values. The levels of NO3, P, and K in petioles increased with fertilization, and unlike Zn, which remained nearly constant from June to September, the concentrations of these nutrients decreased dramatically. It was concluded that this study provides added background information, but considerably more research is needed to develop precise, critical nutrient values for grapes. Cover crop management is an important factor in N use efficiency for grapes. These results also suggest that high producing vineyards susceptible to black leaf may require a high rate of K to alleviate black leaf which may eventually have an adverse effect on the vines.
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